System composition
Energy source (solar energy, etc.)
Solar panels: convert solar energy into electrical energy, and the power and quantity are selected according to the household electricity demand and local lighting conditions.
Mounting brackets and accessories: used to install and fix solar panels.
Energy storage unit
Batteries: Common ones include lead-acid batteries (cheaper but relatively low energy density and cycle life), lithium batteries (higher energy density, long cycle life but relatively high cost), etc.
Battery management system (BMS): monitors battery status (such as voltage, current, temperature, SOC, etc.), protects batteries from overcharging, over-discharging, overcurrent, overheating, etc., prolongs battery life and ensures safety.
Control and inverter unit
Off-grid inverter: converts the DC power of the battery into AC power for household appliances. It is necessary to select the appropriate power (to ensure that it can drive all appliances that may run at the same time) and has high conversion efficiency and reliability.
Controller (charging controller, etc.): controls the charging process of the solar panel to the battery to ensure safe and efficient charging.
Other equipment
Distribution box: reasonably arranges and connects various lines and equipment in the system.
Wires and cables: connect various components.